Given an integer array nums and an integer k, return the k most frequent elements. You may return the answer in any order.
Example 1:
Input: nums = [1,1,1,2,2,3], k = 2
Output: [1,2]
Example 2:
Input: nums = [1], k = 1
Output: [1]
class Solution {
public int[] topKFrequent(int[] nums, int k) {
List<List<Integer>> buckets = new ArrayList<>();
buckets.add(new ArrayList<>());
HashMap<Integer, Integer> counts = new HashMap<>();
for(int num: nums){
counts.put(num, counts.getOrDefault(num, 0) + 1);
buckets.add(new ArrayList<>());
}
// 按照頻率把數字丟到桶子裡
for(int num: counts.keySet()){
int count = counts.get(num);
buckets.get(count).add(num);
}
int[] res = new int[k];
for(int i = buckets.size()-1 ; i > 0 ; i--){
if(k <= 0) return res;
if(buckets.get(i).size() == 0) continue;
for(int num : buckets.get(i)){
res[--k] = num;
}
}
return res;
}
}
Time: O(n) Space: O(n)
前面merge的寫法,可改寫成如下:
count.getOrDefault(num, 0) + 1: 使用 getOrDefault 方法來取得 num 鍵對應的值,如果鍵不存在,則使用預設值 0。然後將這個值加 1,以計算元素的出現次數
count.put(num, … ): 使用 put 方法將新的計數值放入 count Map 中,這樣就更新了元素的出現次數。
Map<Integer, Integer> count = new HashMap<>();
for (int num : nums) {
count.put(num, count.getOrDefault(num, 0) + 1);
}
class Solution {
public int[] topKFrequent(int[] nums, int k) {
List<Integer> res = new ArrayList<>();
HashMap<Integer, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
for (int num : nums) {
map.put(num, map.getOrDefault(num, 0) + 1);
}
// 創建一個最大堆(優先級佇列),按頻率由大到小排序
PriorityQueue<Map.Entry<Integer, Integer>> queue = new PriorityQueue<>((a, b) -> (b.getValue() - a.getValue()));
for (Map.Entry<Integer, Integer> entry : map.entrySet()) {
queue.offer(entry); // 將哈希表中的鍵值對放入最大堆
}
for (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {
res.add(queue.poll().getKey()); // 依次取出頻率最高的 k 個數字並加入結果列表
}
int[] arr = new int[res.size()];
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
arr[i] = res.get(i);
}
return arr;
}
}